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Who’s your friend?

Ed Henninger is an independent newspaper consultant and the director of Henninger Consulting. WANT A FREE evaluation of your newspaper’s design? Email edh@henningerconsulting.com or call (803) 327-3322 IF THIS COLUMN has been helpful, you might be interested in Ed’s books: “Henninger on Design” and “101 Henninger Helpful Hints.” With the help of Ed’s books, you’ll immediately have a better idea how to design for your readers. Find out more about “Henninger on Design” and “101 Henninger Helpful Hints” by visiting Ed’s website: www.henningerconsulting.com

I’m a friendly guy. Most people who know me genuinely like me…and I like them..

I can be a strong friend. I can stand by you when you need me to. I can help you when you’ve got a problem. I can just be there by your side when you need support.
But…I can also choose to not be your friend if I think it matters.
So, let me get this out there briefly and clearly: I am not a friend of writers…or designers.
I am not here to be your friend.
I am here to remind you that it is your job to be a friend to the reader.
So…to writers:
Don’t tell me you don’t have time to do an outline on a complex story.
Don’t tell me you have to write long to tell the full story.
Don’t tell me you don’t have time to get quotes.
Don’t tell me news story writing cramps your style.
Don’t tell me you’re in the business of writing.
Don’t tell me you don’t have time to improve your craft.
Don’t tell me you missed deadline…again.
And for you designers…
Don’t tell me you don’t have time to plan.
Don’t tell me you never get enough space to do a good design.
Don’t tell me you don’t have time to communicate with writers.
Don’t tell me you don’t have time to create infoboxes.
Don’t tell me you have to run photos too small so you can fit them in with overwritten stories.
Don’t tell me you don’t have time to study up on typography. And color. And page structure. And spacing.
Don’t tell me you missed deadline…again.
If you tell me any of these things…well…I’ll still be your friend. But then, I’ll give you that virtual kick in the pants to remind you that you can do better. And I’ll help you do better…if you’ll let me.
That’s what friends are for.
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Too many opinions spoil a presentation

John Foust has conducted training programs for thousands of newspaper advertising professionals. Many ad departments are using his training videos to save time and get quick results from in-house training. E-mail for information: john@johnfoust.com

Back when I was in the ad agency business, I made a logo presentation that turned into a fiasco. It was an uncomfortable reminder of the importance of a presentation environment.

This particular client was a real estate development company which was on a fast growth track. They were going through a name change and needed a sleek new brand identity for their newspaper ads, stationery and signage. We had been through preliminary meetings and this was the unveiling of (what I thought was) the final version of the logo.

The meeting started innocently enough. Dan, the company president, and I were in his office. We reviewed our previous strategy conversations and I summarized their long-term corporate image plans. When I showed the logo design, his face lit up in a big smile. He said, “That’s exactly what we need,” and described the steps they could take to replace their existing logo. Then he said, “Let’s get a second opinion,” walked out of his office and returned a minute later with their office manager. When she frowned and said she liked the old logo better, I could see Don’s enthusiasm fading. She had not participated in our strategy meetings – and she had no knowledge of the reasoning behind a logo change – but all of a sudden, she had become a key influencer in the decision process.

Dan said, “Wait here. Let’s get another opinion.” He invited several more people into his office. Within minutes, a group was huddled around his desk, critiquing the logo that I had spent so much time designing. They seemed to be competing with each other to see who could make the most negative comments. It was a selling nightmare. They ignored my efforts to steer the conversation back on track.

The incident seems comical now, but it wasn’t funny when it happened. One person said she didn’t like the logo, because it had one of the colors in the Romanian flag. I checked later and learned that the Romanian flag is blue, yellow and red (I also learned that she was born in Romania, the only possible explanation for such a strange comment.)

It was no surprise that Dan rejected the logo design. Although he was a corporate executive, he frequently struggled with decisions. His attempt to get objective input from others had created a chaotic decision-making environment. The only solution was for me to go back to the drawing board to tweak the idea. When I presented that one, I explained that he was the only one in the company who was in position to make a fair judgment. I truly believed that he was uniquely qualified to see the big picture and make the decision. Fortunately, he took the compliment to heart and we had a positive one-to-one meeting which resulted in a sale.

The lesson was crystal clear. Too many opinions spoil a presentation. Do everything you can to limit the number of decision makers in the room.

(c) Copyright 2018 by John Foust. All rights reserved.

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Obituaries September 2018

NEW HAMPSHIRE
Carolyn Ann Disco

RHODE ISLAND
None reported

VERMONT
None reported

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‘Enemies of the people?’ Simply, plainly – ‘no.’

GenePolicinsky
Gene Policinski First Amendment
Gene Policinski is president and chief operating officer of the Freedom Forum Institute. He can be reached at gpolicinski@freedomforum.org, or follow him on Twitter at @genefac.

As plainly and clearly as one can say or write this:

Journalism and journalists are not “enemies of the people.”

A free press brings us the news of the day, from weather to Wall Street, and when done properly functions as a “watchdog on government.” The public expects that first part, and the First Amendment — on behalf of all of us — protects that last part.

Today, at many small town publications and major metropolitan dailies and broadcast outlets big and small, something extraordinary is happening: News outlets are publishing editorials defending a free and independent press, pushing back against those who have attacked them as “enemies,” “despicable people” and purveyors of “fake news.”

“Enemies of the people?” Don’t make me laugh — though, if the implications were not so serious, we probably should.

The reality: Most journalists put their personal preferences aside in doing their job, looking for a good story regardless of political implications. “Fake news?” The term has been diluted to a current definition of news and information that some don’t want to see or hear, rather than an earlier association with factual error or deliberate misinformation.

The slander that may sting the most, the “enemies” tag, is centuries old, even appearing in a Shakespearean tragedy, but is most often associated with despots of a modern time, Stalin and Hitler. The charge simply has no place in a debate over the role, performance or ethics of a free press. It also ignores what is plain for all to see: journalists are “the people.”

Reporters and editors and broadcasters and online journalists throughout the nation live in the very same communities on which they report. Their children attend the same schools as everyone else’s. They shop in the same stores, and worship in the same places.

Most journalists work on topics like local school board policies, track government programs and officials, and report on the joys and tragedies of everyday life. Even the select group of professionals who track events in Washington or Wall Street or Silicon Valley go home at night to families and friends, just as we all do.

Yes, there are errors made in what is now journalism’s “24/7” world. There are cable TV pundits paid to pontificate, not report. The web and social media have brought us “stuff and fluff” that pretends often to be journalism but in reality is just political messaging and social posturing from those on the right and left wings of partisan debate.

A real worry is that there are just fewer journalists and fewer news outlets around to do the job — in newspapers alone, there are less than 25,000 when in 1990 there were more than 65,000. The amount of news to be reported has not shrunk accordingly. But that does not mean the remaining staffers are any less committed to clear and accurate journalism.

“We are not the enemy of the people,” Marjorie Pritchard, deputy managing editor for the editorial page of The Boston Globe, told the Associated Press earlier this week. As of Tuesday, more than 350 newspapers and broadcast outlets said they would join in the one-day commentary combine suggested by the Globe.

Pritchard said she expects differing views from the editorials, all written locally, “but the same sentiment: the importance of a free and independent press.”

No doubt some will slam President Trump for his frequent attacks on “the media,” as if there were one, monolithic news machine rather than the diverse, independent news sources that collectively make up the nation’s news outlets.

But vitriolic attacks on the press began long before Trump found ways to exploit those terms in what he told CBS’s Leslie Stahl in 2016, as his presidential campaign began, was a deliberate tactic to “discredit you all and demean you all so when you write negative stories about me no one will believe you.”

Congress tried jailing journalists it didn’t like only a few years after the Bill of Rights was adopted in 1791 — and failed soon after. Not that many years ago, President Nixon had a news media “enemies list” of those to be targeted by government agencies and deployed Vice President Spiro Agnew to call journalists “nattering nabobs of negativity,” among other things. We know who, by virtue of relentless, solid reporting, was proven right in that dispute.

Today’s unprecedented editorial blitz is prompted in large degree by the perceived effectiveness of Trump and other politicians having found a new, direct way to deliver the “enemies” tag on a near-constant basis via social media — combined with the self-awareness of a news industry that knows it has been severely weakened by the web’s negative impact on both audience and advertising income.

There is some risk in today’s editorial effort: Trump may just use it as populist evidence that “the media” really is against him. Of course, he makes that case in many ways on most other days. And the 2018 State of the First Amendment survey, released in late June, clearly shows most Americans could use a reminder about the value of a free press.

For those willing to look, journalists print, broadcast and post stories each day that make our lives better, expose waste, fraud and abuse, and celebrate the good in our collective lives. For those not willing to look, and all too willing to just parrot the glib lines of leaders more interested in political traction than accurate criticism — well, no editorial is likely to change those minds.

Whatever the reason behind editorial writers nationwide making their case today in defense of good journalism, the ultimate — and effective — response in defense of a free press is in the work that simply proves the critics wrong.

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Six essential steps to trend reporting

Bart Pfankuch is an investigative reporter for South Dakota News Watch, online at sdnewswatch.org. Write to him at bart.pfankuch@sdnewswatch.org.

A major goal of news reporting is to keep readers abridged of things, so it makes sense that uncovering and understanding trends should be part of any writer’s toolbox.

Editors — and readers — love trend reporting. Editors puff up when they’re outlet is first to report on anything. Readers use trend reporting to appear insightful during conversations at cook-outs or the coffee shop, and it provides them critical information to live well, be safe, find financial success or avoid pitfalls.

One firm fact about trend reporting is that it has never been trendier. Yet trend reporting is timeless and if you want your material to land on the front page or the home page, it is a skill worth mastering. Here are six tips to help you spot and illuminate trends in your community.

1. Trendspotting – finding the news peg
Finding trends is like any form of reporting in that it requires curiosity, thought and legwork. Reading, listening, asking questions and wondering why are key components. Some trends pop up quickly and require hustle to break the news: new musical or dining options; overly hot, cold, wet or dry weather; new policing or medical techniques; a rash of snake bites, car wrecks, infections or successful new businesses. Other trends ooze out over time: gender, age or racial changes in business or government; housing prices or availability; new methods of farming or manufacturing; epidemiological, birth or death patterns; or systemic environmental and education issues.

Find a fact, think about how it fits in (or doesn’t) to the big picture and ask those in the know what they’re seeing. Always hunt for reasons why a trend arose in your reporting.

2. Clip check for context
Once you’ve spotted a trend, or just have an idea, it’s time to see what’s already been written. This is exponentially easier in the internet age. Search a variety of ways and with multiple terms for background. Look for meaningful news accounts, government reports or scientific studies. Take note of the sources quoted (studies with sources cited or references are a gold mine of potential sources) and consider re-interviewing people who are especially on point. Dig deeper to find historical context that reveals a trend’s path. Be judicious when pulling data from past reporting, especially by other journalists or from reports that appear to be on the outskirts of rational or contemporary thought. What’s new now may be at the heart of your thesis or nut graph, but what came before or led to the trend may be just as revealing.

3. Go local, regional, national and global
Readers want to know what’s happening in their communities, but they also want to know how they fit in to the rest of the world. Once you nail the local trend, find background materials or sources that reveal how things play out elsewhere. Use a couple quick data points or examples from elsewhere to support the trend. Most times, your community will be a bit ahead or behind the curve, so be sure readers know where they land on the trendline and why.

4. Facts and figures provide the fuel
Most trends are supported by data collected by government, industry, watchdog groups or concerned individuals. Seek out current or contextual data to reveal the trendline. Find the most relevant data points and use them to support the nut graph high in the story. Sometimes a strong or startling piece of data can even become the lead. Use data to create boxes and break-outs to quickly illustrate the trend.

5. Case studies provide evidence
Finding “real people” to illustrate the trend can be tough, but it is critical to showing how the trend plays out on the ground level. Ask every source you encounter for ideas on who to call, and visit them in person when possible. Interviews with someone who has experienced the impacts of a trend is where the color and storytelling opportunities arise, and it is often where the good art, video, audio and details reside.

5. Don’t fear the trend-buster
In any trend, there are trend-busters – people, places or populations where the trend does not exist and in fact may be on a wholly opposite path. Never leave this material out of your story. Readers and editors will scoff if a piece is overly secure in its thesis, or if something appears to be happening on too large a scale. Everything in life is gray in some way and openly sharing the outliers gives the piece more power, not less. Remember, not everything is a trend – sometimes the vagaries of life are just how things are and if so, you may have to pull the plug on the idea.

With these tips in mind, give trend reporting a try, and it won’t be long before your material is popping up on the front page.

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Journalists are not the enemy of the people

In August 2018, more than 350 news outlets across the country participated in a coordinated effort, publishing editorials that defend the vital role that a free press plays in our government.

Below are links to editorials that were published throughout New England. If you know of additional editorials, please forward them to info@nenpa.com

Connecticut

The President Wants You To Think We’re The Enemy. Here’s What We Really Do
The Hartford Courant

Trump’s rhetoric hits media hard
The Chronicle of Willimantic

Uniting our voices in defense of a free press
The Day of New London

Perspective on truth, lies, respect and hate
The Lakeville Journal and Millerton News

A response to President Trump’s continued attacks on the media
The Record-Journal

Maine

The Media is the Enemy Only if You Don’t Want to Know What Your Government is Doing
Bangor Daily News

A Free Press is the Best Defense Against Tyranny
Kennebec Journal and Morning Sentinel

The Best Defense Against Tyranny is a Free and Independent Press
The Portland Press Herald

There’s truth, then everything else
The Sun Journal

Massachusetts

From the editor
Fairhaven Neighborhood News

Journalists are not the ‘enemy of the people’
Athol Daily News

Trump’s Assaults on Press are Assaults on Democracy
The Berkshire Eagle

Business Community Must Reject Attacks on the Press
Boston Business Journal

Journalists are Not the Enemy
The Boston Globe

Unmoored
The Cape Cod Chronicle

Trump, Tweets and the Truth
Cape Cod Times

Citizens and Journalists
The Citizen Chronicle

Journalists Are Not the ‘Enemy of the People,’ They Are the People
The Daily Free Press

Journalists Performing Public Service Are Not the Enemy
Daily Hampshire Gazette

We (Are Not the Enemy of) the People
The Daily Item

Reporting the news in a fragmented nation
Daily News of Newburyport, The Eagle-Tribune, Salem News, Gloucester Daily Times

Freedom of the Press
The Harvard Press

The Need for a Free Press
The Inquirer and Mirror

Enemy of None
Martha’s Vineyard Times

Our editorial stand
Milton Times

Trump’s Attacks on the Press
The Provincetown Banner

Journalists are not the ‘enemy of the people’
The Recorder

Officials are Accountable Because of the Free Press
The Republican

Identifying the real enemy of the people
The Standard-Times

We Are Not the Enemy; We Are You
The Sun Chronicle

Is Humble Wellesley News Site an ‘Enemy of the People’?
The Swellesley Report

No, we’re not your enemy, President Trump
Telegram & Gazette

Press Freedom
Vineyard Gazette

We are not the enemy of the people
WBUR

We Stand for Press Freedom
Whitman-Hanson Express

New Hampshire

Enemies of the People
Concord Monitor

How can we be the enemy of the people when we are the people?
indepthNH.org

Precious priority: A free press
Keene Sentinel

The president and the press
Seacoast Media

Rhode Island

News Media Standing Up to Trump
The Newport Daily News

Enemy of the people: Shush! It could get worse!
Newport This Week

Trump Attacks the Messenger
Providence Journal

‘Enemies of the People’ is Just Trump Nonsense
The Valley Breeze

A Response to President Trump’s Continued Attacks on the Media
The Westerly Sun

Vermont

Enemy of the people?
Addison Independent, The Brandon-Pittsford Reporter, Mountain Times, The Essex Reporter, Colchester Sun, Milton Independent

The Free Press Embodies the Free Press
Burlington Free Press

An Essential Part of Our Democracy
Caledonian Record

Make No Mistake: This Attack on Our Free Press — Your Free Press — is Deliberate and Calculated
The Commons

Truly Fake News
The Hardwick Gazette

Press Freedom is a Vermont Value
Manchester Journal, Bennington Banner and the Brattleboro Reformer

Yes, we are the enemy
The Times Argus

The Wider Danger in Trump’s Troubling Attacks on Journalism
Valley News

VTDigger Joins Journalism Groups Decrying Attacks on the Media
VTDigger

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“Showing” beats “telling” every time

John Foust has conducted training programs for thousands of newspaper advertising professionals. Many ad departments are using his training videos to save time and get quick results from in-house training. E-mail for information: john@johnfoust.com

On a visit to my eye doctor for a check-up, I noticed a poster on the wall in the examination room. It featured a series of photographs of the same scene. The first photo depicted the scene through “normal” vision, and the other photos showed how that scene would be viewed by people with various eye conditions, like glaucoma, macular degeneration and cataracts.

It was a powerful exhibit. In one simple poster – with a series of pictures and only a few words – a patient could get a clear idea of the effects of certain conditions.

If we think beyond the subject matter of the poster, we’ll find some important lessons about communication. In the sales profession, “showing” beats “telling” every time. Here are some key points:

1) Use strong visual images. There is a famous Chinese proverb that states, “One time seeing is worth a thousand times hearing.” Newspapers have a real advantage here. Newspaper ads – in print and digital formats – are visual.

If you’re going to show something, make it worth seeing. Kirk, a long-time sales person, once told me, “I never go into a client meeting without some kind of exhibit. It might be a copy of their most recent ad. It might be a chart illustrating readership figures. Or it might be a selection of stock photos that could be used in the next campaign. Sometimes I just use a felt-tip marker to make a back-of-the-napkin type diagram on a legal pad.

2) When possible, use comparisons. When I saw the eye poster, it was easy to compare my eyesight to the photos. I immediately understood the differences.

There are plenty of possible comparisons in a sales presentation. You can compare typography samples to demonstrate how one font is more readable than another. You can compare a cluttered layout to a clean layout. And you can compare headline samples.

3) Keep it simple. It’s important to make it easy for prospects to reach their own conclusions. The purpose of a visual exhibit is to clarify a sales point.

“I’m careful about what I show to people in meetings,” Kirk said. “Using too many examples can create brain freeze. It’s a lot easier for them to understand the differences between Choice A and Choice B than to understand the differences between Choices A through D or E.

“I learned a lesson early in my career, when I presented a marketing manager with a selection of four completely different ad ideas,” he explained. “The presentation was a disaster, because there were too many choices. The manager couldn’t decide, so he called several other people into the room. No one could agree on anything and the meeting hit a stalemate. I ended up going back to the drawing board to create two different choices. A week or so later, I presented those two options, and they quickly made a decision.”

The bottom line: When it comes to persuasive communication, think of ways to show what you’re saying.

(c) Copyright 2018 by John Foust. All rights reserved.

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Senators see Journalist Protection Act as a means of safeguarding Democracy

Image courtesy of @RepSwalwell | www.swalwell.house.gov/

By John Voket – President, NENPA

Image courtesy of @RepSwalwell | www.swalwell.house.gov/

As recently as a few days ago, The Washington Post reported that President Donald Trump’s pushback over being peppered with tough questions by members of the White House Press Corps resulted in newly installed Deputy Chief of Staff Bill Shine and press secretary Sarah Huckabee Sanders barring CNN correspondent Kaitlan Collins from an open-media event in the Rose Garden.

The reason given, according to The Post, was because they objected to her questioning of the president earlier in the day. This represented the latest action (as of July 25) that Trump, his designees, and a growing number of his supporters across the country targeting a media representative in retaliation to them simply carrying out their constitutionally protected right and professional responsibility.

But long before Election Day 2016, U.S. Senators Richard Blumenthal (D-CT) and Bob Menendez (D-NJ) felt growing concerns about how then-candidate Donald Trump was characterizing a growing number of mainstream newspaper and broadcast outlets, and responding to reporters with insults, insinuations, and countless references to their work as “fake news.”

Following the June 28 shooting at the Annapolis, Maryland Capital Gazette – which killed five and injured two other staffers – a growing number of Americans, members of the media, and political leaders including Senator Blumenthal have suggested that the constant berating and demonizing of the press by the president and legions of his supporters, “gives license” to those who might seek to do personal harm to journalists.

Scant weeks earlier, Blumenthal and Menendez introduced the Journalist Protection Act which, if passed, would make it a federal crime to intentionally cause bodily injury to a journalist affecting interstate or foreign commerce in the course of reporting or in a manner designed to intimidate him or her from newsgathering for a media organization.

 A Clear Statement

The senators believe the proposal represented a clear statement that assaults against people engaged in reporting are unacceptable, while providing law enforcement the legal tools to pursue and punish those physically interfering with news gathering.

“A free, unfettered press has always been a hallmark of our democracy. At this extraordinary moment in our history, the press’s role in our democracy is more critical than ever – uncovering and reporting information, exposing wrongdoing, and holding public officials accountable,” Blumenthal said in a release after submitting the bill along with his colleague.

“Reporters face a near-daily barrage of verbal attacks from this administration, which has the very real consequence of casting the media as enemies of the American people, and possible targets of violence,” Sen. Blumenthal said. “This legislation makes clear that engaging in any kind of violence against members of the media will simply not be tolerated.”

Sen. Menendez pointed out that over 200 years ago, America’s founding fathers had the foresight to recognize the importance of a free press to a fledgling democracy.

“Today, that importance cannot be overstated,” he said “Despite the dangerous rhetoric coming from the Trump Administration, and the disturbing uptick in attacks on working reporters, the press is not the enemy of the people. A free, and independent press — a strong Fourth Estate — is essential to the American people and our democracy, ensuring an informed public and holding those in power accountable. We cannot condone any physical attacks on journalists or members of the media.”

Numerous Incidents

The senators’ release indicated the bill’s introduction coincided with attacks on the media by the Trump Administration, that included barring of other CNN and AP reporters from a public event in late May with then-EPA Administrator Scott Pruitt, and forcibly removing an AP reporter from the building. 

Earlier that same week, the senators saw 60 Minutes correspondent Lesley Stahl reported that President Trump explained his attacks on the press by saying, “I do it to discredit you all and demean you all so that when you write negative stories about me no one will believe you.”

President Trump has, the senators said, described mainstream media outlets as “a stain on America,” “trying to take away our history and our heritage,” and “the enemy of the American People.”

At the end of April, Blumenthal and Menendez learned the watchdog organization Reporters Without Borders dropped the United States by two places in its annual World Press Freedom Index. Four days later, they heard President Trump called the White House press corps “a bunch of fake news liberals who hate me.”

“President Donald Trump’s conduct invites violence against journalists. It’s not just about labelling reports of his constant falsehoods as #FakeNews – it’s his casting of media personalities and outlets as anti-American targets, and encouraging people to engage in violence,” said U.S. Representative Eric Swalwell (CA-15) in the release.

Swalwell is the author of the bill in the House of Representatives.

“Most Americans know that our freedoms rely on an informed public,” he added. “Whether we appreciate the news or not, we must not let violence curb its gathering and dissemination — doing so is a calling card for dictatorship.”

In February, as Blumenthal and Menendez were in the early stages of researching for their bill, they learned that WPIX reporter Howard Thompson and photographer John Frasse were attacked by a bat-wielding man while working on a story in the Bronx, New York.

They also got wind of an incident in July 2017, where OC Weekly photographers Julie Leopo and Brian Feinzimer along with intern Frank Tristan were assaulted by demonstrators at a Make America Great Again rally in Huntington Beach, Calif.

In an August confrontation, they said a reporter was punched in the face for filming anti-racism counter-protestors in Charlottesville, Virginia. And a few weeks later, Joplin, Missouri blogger Randy Turner was similarly attacked after reporting about a federal sexual harassment lawsuit against managers of a Joplin Sonic restaurant.

Industry Support

The Journalist Protection Act is supported by the Communications Workers of America (CWA) and by News Media for Open Government, a broad coalition of news media and journalism organizations working to ensure that laws, policies and practices preserve and protect freedom of the press, open government and the free flow of information in our democratic society.

“This is a dangerous time to be a journalist,” said Bernie Lunzer, president of The NewsGuild, a division of the CWA in the release. “At least 44 reporters were physically attacked in the U.S. last year and angry rhetoric that demonizes reporters persists. The threatening atmosphere is palpable. The Journalist Protection Act deserves the support of everyone who believes our democracy depends on a free and vibrant press.”

“Broadcast employees assigned to newsgathering in the field often work alone, or in two-person crews,” said Charlie Braico, president of the National Association of Broadcast Employees and Technicians, also a CWA division. “With their expensive and cumbersome equipment, they are easy and tempting prey for anti-media extremists and thieves. The Journalist Protection Act will permit the authorities to properly punish people who attempt to interfere with our members as they work in dynamic and challenging situations.”

Joining Rep. Swalwell, Journalist Protection Act co-sponsors in the House of Representatives include U.S. Representatives Steve Cohen (TN-09), David Cicilline (RI-01), Grace Napolitano (CA-32), Eleanor Holmes Norton (DC), Andre Carson (IN-07), Debbie Dingell (MI-12), Darren Soto (FL-09), Ro Khanna (CA-17), Jose Serrano (NY-15), Bobby Rush (IL-01), Maxine Waters (CA-43), and Gwen Moore (WI-04).

The NENPA Bulletin recently interviewed Senators Blumenthal and Menendez on their efforts to better protect journalists and the freedom to which they are constitutionally entitled. Blumenthal took the opportunity to respond to the following questions in person. Due to scheduling challenges on deadline, Menendez opted to respond via email.

Senator Bob Menendez (D-NJ)
Senator Richard Blumenthal (D-CT)

Sen. Menendez: Even as a candidate Donald Trump’s rhetoric towards the press was alarming.  Branding any negative story as ‘fake news’ is designed to undermine the public’s faith in the press, and is a page out of the authoritarian playbook.

Sen. Blumenthal: I too, became concerned about this issue – significantly – before he became president when I observed assaults and threats to journalists. In fact, I spoke with some members of the press. Reporters, producers and editors who were increasingly concerned, especially after the incident in Virginia. And of course, under President Trump, calling the press the enemy of the people…giving license to the increasing intensity of criticism. When the history of this era is written, the heroes will be the judiciary who stood against the president, and the free press, which has told us so much about what the president is doing that he doesn’t want us to know. The difficult thing about assaults on journalists is, they may not always be covered because reporters are reluctant to be part of a story themselves.

Sen. Blumenthal: I began life as a low level summer reporter for the Washington Post, and generally have respect for the integrity of reporters. I have never sought, as far as I can recall, to persuade a reporter about doing a story. I’ve tried to correct facts I thought were mis-stated, and provide truthful responses. I view reporters as performing a very important independent function, underscoring independent is important.

Sen. Menendez: Members of Congress have a love-hate relationship with the press and I certainly haven’t been thrilled with everything written about me. Nonetheless, I cherish the rights set forth in the First Amendment to our Constitution. A free press is integral to our Democracy and way of life, ensuring that public officials and other individuals are held accountable for their actions.  Journalists need to be able to report the news without fear of reprisals, so I would never retaliate, criticize, or admonish a journalist for ensuring the facts are reported.

Sen. Menendez: The attacks on the press over the past few years have been steadily building. Moreover the rhetoric coming out of the White House that seeks to discredit journalists is extremely troubling and only serves to embolden our enemies abroad and divide us here at home. When I learned about the Journalist Protection Act I thought it would be a good opportunity to shine light onto the issue.

Sen. Blumenthal: There was a general series of incidents. I wouldn’t say one was defining.

Sen. Blumenthal: When Senator Menendez first introduced it, there was virtually no attention given to it. But a number of my colleagues are now looking at it, wanting to know how it will work, is it necessary? Good questions – there has certainly been more interest.

Sen. Menendez: Unfortunately it did not. That may be due to the constant barrage of news we find ourselves under. I was pleased to see the public rally around the Capital Gazette and I think that speaks volumes. Americans value a free press and they especially value their local journalists.

Sen. Menendez: This bill was first introduced in the House by Congressman Swalwell. Senator Blumenthal and I became interested in the bill following its House introduction and our staffs worked together to introduce the Senate companion.

Sen. Blumenthal: We were talking about it on the floor of the senate, introducing this idea, and I said I was already pretty far along in drafting it and if he had any ideas about how to do it.

Sen. Blumenthal: I’m looking for Republicans to support it, as Bob Menendez and I are Democrats and we want to expand the level of support. So I’d say we’re at a preliminary stage. This one would go to the Judiciary Committee. It’s a long process. Very few bills go through the Congress in weeks, most often take months, and not uncommonly years.

Sen. Menendez: The bill has been referred to the Judiciary Committee on which Senator Blumenthal sits. He and I will continue to work to garner support for the bill.

 

Sen. Menendez: I encourage the American people to call their Member of Congress and express support for the bill. They could also write letters to the editor of their local papers expressing support for the bill which would help build awareness.

Sen. Blumenthal: Creating more awareness and attention is very important. Which is why I welcome journalists themselves being interested in it. The world has never been more dangerous for journalists, here at home and abroad. The incidents in this country are unfortunately and intolerably high. The President has given license to the worst instincts of some of the hate groups in this country. So bringing attention to the need for protection – the idea of making it a federal felony means the FBI investigating it – and raising the severity of the offense. I think it’s important to enlist federal resources in an investigation, the forensic evidence that federal agencies can examine. And sending the signal that journalists deserve and need protection.

Sen. Blumenthal: The longer I am in elected office and the longer I live, the more I appreciate the unique and precious importance of the free press in this country. The old saying ‘sunlight is the best disinfectant’ is more true than ever before when it comes to impropriety and wrongdoing in the government – at the highest levels. The press has uncovered conflicts of interests, improprieties involving violations of the emoluments clause of the constitution, we would have none of the facts without the reporting of the press. I guarantee much that we’ll learn about this Supreme Court nominee will come from the press doing the digging that is necessary. I firmly believe this measure, even if nobody is ever prosecuted under it, sends a message that we believe the free press should be protected against any threats, intimidation, any sort of physical assault that prevents them from doing their job. They have a job that has to be done or we will lose our democracy.

Sen. Menendez: The work of the free press has never been more important. The Fourth Estate remains a symbol of freedom throughout the world. From the tiny newspaper in a rural community to major news networks to investigative reporters, the American people rely on the press to tell them the truth. Keep up the good work and do not be discouraged by the rhetoric coming from some of those who seek to discredit you.

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What’s the ‘true threat’ to American journalism and democracy?

Gene Policinski First Amendment
Gene Policinski First Amendment
Gene Policinski is president and chief operating officer of the Freedom Forum Institute. He can be reached at gpolicinski@freedomforum.org, or follow him on Twitter at @genefac.

Threats to the survival of a free press seem much in the air these days, from the near daily online insults hurled from the White House podium to the lunatic who opened fire on an innocent group of news people in Annapolis, Md., on June 28.

But the greatest danger facing our shared freedom of the press and to journalists’ role in our democracy is not so much either of those factors, as important and tragic as both are.

Perhaps the greatest — and just as immediate — threat is the ongoing decline in the sheer numbers of those involved in the operating and staffing of newsrooms, for now felt most strongly in the “print” sector.

Here’s the most recent example: The owner of The New York Daily News — for decades the blue collar, saucy and salty tabloid voice of one of the planet’s largest cities — just days ago cut already weakened newsroom numbers from less than 100 to a reported 45 or so.

The paper’s Editor Jim Rich, and Managing Editor Kristen Lee, were bounced as part the mass layoff by an out of town entity that now owns the paper, Tronc — responsible for similarly slashing staffs in other newsrooms it controls, from Chicago to Los Angeles.

No doubt the those who bark “fake news” on command will clap their hands over the news. But as Rich so eloquently wrote hours before the Tronc travesty: “If you hate democracy and think local government should operate in the dark, then today is a good day for you.”

Recently, writer Ross Barkam of The Guardian noted that the U.S. Labor Department reports that since 2001, more than one half of all jobs in the news industry have disappeared, a decline from 411,800 to 173,709.

For newspapers in particular the situation is even more grim: a 2018 industry survey showed news department staffing nationwide is about 25,000 — for the first time less than the 27,000 employed in perennially understaffed local TV news operations. In the 1990s, surveys put those newsroom numbers at around 65,000.

Yes there is hope that online news operations will outgrow in size, scope, numbers, and the trivial fascinations that grab eyeballs if not intellects. But how long will that take? Will it ever happen?

It’s difficult to sustain a nation’s commitment to a “free press” if there’s little-to-no press around to operate freely and demonstrate its worth to an ever-skeptical public.

Do not fool yourself that our freedom of the press — and other freedoms of the First Amendment — are invulnerable. A tumble in the once virtually guaranteed revenue and the web disruption of previously limited access to news trashed in little more than a decade the economic model and news consumption habits of a century and more.

Combine a court decision (perhaps in the area of public figures and libel) with the White House’s moves on trade (raising the cost of newsprint) and mega media mergers approved by the government and “poof” — the vibrant, multifaceted news media envisioned by the nation’s founders as a “watchdog” on government turns into a lapdog with neither bark nor bite.

Yes, The New York Daily News newsroom cuts do not automatically mean it cannot replicate a 2017 Pulitzer Prize winning investigation — with nonprofit partner ProPublica — of wrongs in the city’s eviction laws. But effectively tracking down evildoers and keeping a watchful eye in a city of 8.5 million with a staff of about 40 will be nearly impossible, even with the help of Superman — and yes, the Daily News was the model for the comic book’s “Daily Planet” where alter-ego, mild-mannered reporter Clark Kent found a home.

We need not be mild-mannered or helpless in the face of the all too real challenges facing our watchdogs. But we do have to join in the fight to sustain a strong and free press — which, to acknowledge the factual critics of the press we have now, does not mean accepting shallow or inaccurate reporting, or opinionated talk as a substitute for journalism that matters.

In fact, there’s plenty of the latter around, but it gets caught up in the bluster and brimstone of those who see political benefit in the now meaningless blurts about “fake news” and such.

Focus on finding and supporting good journalism — which no doubt will at times tell you things you don’t want to hear, regardless of your political views — and ignore the rest.

If enough of us do that, we too “can save the day” for a free press — and help preserve democracy as well.

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