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Five key focus points on the path to a great story

Bart Pfankuch is an investigative reporter for South Dakota News Watch. Write to him at bart.pfankuch@sdnewswatch.org.

Anyone who has worked as a reporter or editor knows that it’s impossible to be fully engaged for eight (or 10) hours a day, five (or six) days a week. Journalism is a creative field that requires a lot of hard work, which tends to come in bursts of energy and brain power rather than via a consistent pace of grinding at one single task until a shift is over.

The challenge, then, is to make sure we are putting our passion and effort into the process at the right times, when we can do the most good and make our work as complete, clean, accurate and impactful as possible. Here is a look at five critical junctures when journalists should place more time and focus on producing great work.

STORY IDEA GENERATION

I had an editor who once schooled me to look for new newsroom hires who had a strong sense of “story conceptualization.” Journalists who are able to come up with ideas, figure out what is most important and then seek out on-point sources have a great chance to be successful.

To develop that skill set, one must read widely, talk to a wide variety of people, be curious and then think deeply. Good story ideas should have the “Three Is and a D” – they should be interesting, informative, impactful and doable. Getting to that point requires reporters to have good ideas, but to then ferret out what matters most and to figure out how the story can be reported and then told. Editors should demand that reporters come to them with story ideas fairly well-formed and with a plan to execute the reporting, writing and packaging. Discussing and thinking about a topic are worth the extra energy expelled at the very start of the story process.

ART AND ENTRY POINTS

Obtaining great art, graphics and alternative entry points into stories is never an accident; it always requires planning, preparation and thought to pull it off. Be sure to speak with your editor, photo editor or shooter at the very moment a story concept takes shape. Think of ways to illustrate stories that are not obvious. Watch for data sets that can be broken into telling charts or boxes. Consider ordering an illustration or drawing to enhance packaging. Consider using maps with stories to provide context and a sense of place. Be a reporter or editor who shoots photos when the opportunity arises.

SOURCING AND REPORTING

All great journalism emerges from a strong focus on two critical skill sets: Finding and cultivating good sources and undertaking smart, aggressive reporting.

Finding on-point sources who will openly share information requires research to learn about an issue to determine who plays a key role; it demands that you treat sources fairly and with respect to keep them in contact; and, like all good journalism, it takes thought to find and contact the best people or gain access to critical documents.

Patience, thoughtfulness and preparation are all key elements of improved reporting. Have a list of questions ready and listen, then think, then ask, then listen again. Go over details with the source in order to ensure accuracy. Do not be in a hurry. Always shoot for one more source than you think you need.

PRE-WRITING, WRITING AND SELF-EDITING

The more time you spend thinking about your story and how it will be organized and packaged, the better it will become. Make a plan for the piece before starting to write. Sketch an outline with the lead, nut graph, transitions and section topics before writing. Never go it alone. Discuss the piece with your editor, an interested colleague, a family member or anyone who will listen, and take their advice if worthwhile. Each brief conversation can help you form and shape what the piece will say and how it will say it.

The actual writing process surely requires more time than many journalists allow. Delivering a quality hard-news leads require as much time and energy as telling a story with an anecdote. Do not become locked into a concept and then force it to work. Google-check all names and titles. Hunt for potential double-meanings or confusing copy or quotes and remove them. Always remember: your first draft is never, ever your final draft.

FOLLOWING UP

Once a piece is published, be sure to review what it said and sift through any reactions you receive. Use that information to consider follow-up stories that advance the news needle by way of reaction pieces, deeper dives and solutions journalism. Sometimes, it’s possible to plan for a follow even before the original piece runs, and it may help to hold back some reporting if either the original piece gets too long or there are facts or details that logically follow the initial reporting. Especially with more in-depth or impactful reporting, discuss the opportunities for potential follows with your editor or a trusted colleague in advance and make a plan.

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Five journalists honored with 2019 Yankee Quill awards

Five New England journalists will receive the Yankee Quill award this fall for their contributions to the betterment of journalism in the six-state region.

The 2019 honorees are:

  • Ross Connelly, longtime New England journalist who retired as editor and co-publisher of the Hardwick Gazette in Vermont.
  • Callie Crossley, WGBH radio and TV in Boston; host of Basic Black, panelist on Beat the Press, producer, filmmaker and role model for women and people of color.
  • Dan Kennedy, media critic and journalism professor at Northeastern University.
  • Angelo Lynn, owner of the Addison Press and publisher-editor of Addison Independent in Vermont.
  • John C. Peterson, of Connecticut, who has worked 50 years as newspaper consultant, group president, publisher and editor.

The Yankee Quill is presented annually by the Academy of New England Journalists through the auspices of the New England Society of News Editors. It is considered the highest individual honor awarded by fellow journalists in the region. Selection for the award is not based on any single achievement but rather on the broad influence for good over the course of a career.

The Yankee Quill awards will be presented as part of the annual conferences of the New England Society of News Editors and the New England Newspaper and Press Association on the evening of Thursday, Oct. 10, in Worcester.

> Read More About The 2019 Nominees

> Reserve Your Seats For the 2019 Yankee Quill Awards Dinner

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NENPA Opposes Effort to Exempt Police Body Camera Footage from Mass. Public Records Law

NENPA Logo Featured
Letter NENPA Opposes Effort to Exempt Police Body Camera Footage

The New England Newspaper & Press Association opposes a bill in Massachusetts that would make police-worn body camera footage exempt from the state’s public records law.

In addition to establishing a taskforce to explore the use of body cameras and law enforcement policies, House Bill 2120 would create a new exemption to the state’s public records law for footage captured by those cameras.

“Despite improvements to the public records statute in 2016, Massachusetts continues to lag behind most of the country in government transparency,” wrote the New England Newspaper & Press Association, the Massachusetts Newspaper Publishers Association and NEFAC in a July 18 joint letter to state legislators.

“With the passage of House Bill 2120, Massachusetts would become even more of an outlier,” they wrote.

The release of police body camera footage can often serve the public interest, the groups explained. By creating a new public records exemption, the legislation ignores those benefits entirely.

According to the letter:

“While our organizations are sympathetic to the privacy concerns that result from body camera use, we are convinced that House Bill 2120 is an, at best, misguided attempt to protect those interests. The Public Records Law already provides tools law enforcement can use to withhold sensitive information. . . . In addition, House Bill 2120 prevents the public from receiving any benefits from the release of footage because of its wholesale approach to the protection of privacy. The bill simply eschews the much-needed balance the current statute allows.”

The groups suggested that the taskforce be established without a new exemption created. They also requested that the taskforce include someone to represent the interests of journalists.

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We Once Went “MAD” for the Magazine — and It Was Fun and Funny

GenePolicinsky
Gene Policinski First Amendment
Gene Policinski is president and chief operating officer of the Freedom Forum Institute. He can be reached atgpolicinski@freedomforum.org, or follow him on Twitter at @genefac.

The world is soon going to be a little bit less MAD — and the poorer for it.

The quintessential baby boomer-era satire mag, MAD magazine has announced it will soon contain only re-published content, on a monthly basis — industry-speak for trying to garner what nostalgia-tinged profits might still be obtained from those who recall better days.

Playboy, Rolling Stone and now MAD: The nameplates may remain on repurposed products and in digital or slicker formats, but as each announced its essential demise in the past year or so, the print-and-ink-on-paper soul of each, like Elvis, “has left the building”

The first two publications in that trio appealed, in very different ways, to the hip and fashionable of their respective social spheres — or, at least, to those who wanted to be “hip.”

Far too many people to be truthful claimed only to read Playboy for the articles, but the works of respected authors and discussions of controversial social issues were tucked in and around the centerfolds. (For those too young to know what a “centerfold” is … never mind).

Rolling Stone brought counter-culture to the masses — an interesting social sleight-of-hand — and documented decades of societal change along with the authors and photographers who ushered us into a new kind of journalism populated by master storytellers and photo artistry.

MAD, on the other hand, remained for much of its life the same as it was when launched in 1952 — a wonderfully juvenile, cleverly illustrated, delightfully snickering means of mocking adult foibles, politics and cultural institutions that were way too full of themselves.

Unabashedly egalitarian, it did not matter if its pages mocked Democrats or Republicans, beloved or despicable characters, Hollywood celebrities, literary giants or cultural icons. Linking any and all to a good joke involving flatulence worked every time.

The magazine’s apolitical satirical range may well have been captured best in an October 1968 cover in which perennially grinning MAD icon Alfred E. Neuman (catch phrase: “What, me worry?”) was shown holding a bevy of balloons, each bearing the names and faces of eight politicians from Richard Nixon to George Wallace to then-President Lyndon Johnson, in one hand — and a large hatpin in the other.

MAD and Neuman recently popped back into the nation’s headlines, but it was a mixed blessing. President Trump compared Democratic presidential hopeful, Pete Buttigieg, to the gap-toothed, youthful character and said, “Alfred E. Neuman cannot be president of the United States.” But 37-year-old Buttigieg said he didn’t know what 72-year old Trump was talking about, “I’ll be honest. I had to Google that,” he said. “I guess it’s just a generational thing. I didn’t get the reference. It’s kind of funny, I guess.”

Unlike European nations, where published satire to this day often carries a heavy intellectual tone and poses existential questions of life and death, MAD would hold up a goofy, slightly bent mirror to make fun of serious absurdities in American life. It spoofed the Cold War via a silly cartoon strip titled “Spy vs. Spy,” in which each side would attempt to foil the other, always ending in mutual death.

All the while, we eventually realized, it also was parodying the acronym for nuclear war’s likely outcome of “mutually-assured destruction” or “MAD.”

The magazine’s writers — the “usual gang of idiots each issue noted — made fun of movies, TV shows, political figures, social mores and often touched on subjects not often touched on in regular media, from drug abuse in the military to sexism in the workplace.

In that manner, it led the way for a more topical, edgy style of entertainment linked to the news, from TV’s “Rowan & Martin’s Laugh-In” in the 1960s and “Saturday Night Live” beginning in 1975 to The Onion and Comedy Central’s “The Daily Show with Trevor Noah” today.

MAD took a baser approach than some. Esquire magazine’s annual “Dubious Achievement Awards,” which began in 1962 and continue to this day, manage to convey a much more sophisticated tone in its photo-and-punch line format, even though a hallmark image was Richard Nixon, mouth agape, with the repeated line, “Why is this man laughing?”

Both magazines managed to transmit the sense to several generations of readers that pomposity deserves to be deflated, the arrogant warrant comeuppance, politicians are not always to be believed — and that it was good to be skeptical, but not so cynical you couldn’t laugh at life.

Once, MAD even helped develop legal precedent: In 1961, music publishers who represented famous songwriters and composers sued MAD for $25 million, claiming copyright infringement — the words were changed, but the parody was to be sung to the tune of the original composition. One example: To the award-winning tune, “The Last Time I Saw Paris”, MAD had rewritten it to poke fun at a baseball player who endorsed razor blades and beer on TV, in “The Last Time I Saw Maris.”

The U.S. Second Circuit Court of Appeals found for the magazine — in Berlin v. EC Publications, Inc. (219 F. Supp. 911, S.D.N.Y., 1963) — setting the precedent that has protected musical parodies since — as long as all or most of the original lyrics are changed.

Still, if we are honest, much of MAD content was just aimed at getting a good guffaw out of its fans. For example, one cartoon series showed two men mocking unseen dogs for barking at passing cars. As I recall, one said something like, “Hey, let’s see what they do with the car if they catch up with it.” Cut to the closing panel, where the other man says, “Well, now we know … so let’s find a car wash.”

I can still hear my fellow fifth-graders roaring with laughter over that one.

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Shorter is better

Ed Henninger is an independent newspaper consultant and the Director of Henninger Consulting. ww.henningerconsulting.com. Phone: 803-325-5252.

SO…HOW DOES DESIGN affect readability? And how does writing affect design?

Take a look at the two stories in the illustration with this column. Which do you think will be read by more readers?

Well, the one on the right, of course!

The short paragraphs make that story more appealing because readers understand a simple truth about writing: Shorter is better. 

Those same readers will see the story on the left as daunting. One glance and they’ll think they don’t have the time (or, perhaps, the attention span) to read that story. It just looks too long.

On the right, they’re given the story in bite-size pieces. On the left, the chunks are just too much to swallow. A reader could choke on the second paragraph…but there’s little worry about that because the odds are the reader won’t get past the first paragraph. 

In fact, given the look (design!) of the story, most readers won’t even begin to read it!

The same is true of story length. Give readers a long story and you lose some of them the moment they look at it — no matter how excellent the writing.

Readers tell us they’ll give us about 12-to-15 inches for any story. After that, they quit. And, if we give them that long story without any visuals — even just a pullout or infobox — they’ll just leave more quickly.

Short paragraphs, using short words, in short stories.

Hmmm…what’s the recurring word here?

Gettysburg. 1863. The orator before President Abraham Lincoln spoke for two hours. Lincoln spoke for two minutes. Lincoln’s address will live forever as one of the greatest examples of clarity and brevity.

Do you know the name of the orator who went on for two hours? 

I didn’t think so.

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The stock market for ad ideas

John Foust

John Foust has conducted training programs for thousands of newspaper advertising professionals. Many ad departments are using his training videos to save time and get quick results from in-house training. E-mail for information: john@johnfoust.com.

Daniel told me about an ad he created for a commercial real estate firm. “They prided themselves on the hard work they did for their customers. Their marketing manager said ‘shoe leather’ was their secret of success. When I heard that, I knew it would work in their ads

“I found a stock photo of a shoe with a hole in the sole, then asked our creative department to enlarge the hole to make it more dramatic. The copy described the advertiser’s willingness to wear out their shoes to serve their customers. That photo was a real winner. It became the theme for everything they advertised.”

Stock photography can be an important addition to your creative toolbox. Here are some points to keep in mind:

1. Look for an image to illustrate an idea you already have. That is what Daniel did. “I knew I needed a picture of a shoe,” he said. “It was just a matter of finding the right one. A photo worked better than a drawing, because it was a picture of an actual shoe. Sure, we modified it, but the end product was still a real shoe.”

Browse through images to find a new idea. Sometimes you’ll have a general concept in mind. You just need a visual image to crystallize the idea.

Let’s say you‘re developing a campaign for an investment company that has a long history of helping people navigate the ups and downs of the economy. Their philosophy is, “There’s no need to worry. Your investments are safe with us.”

You look through some stock images and find several distinct categories to consider – people, objects, activities and places. They all offer opportunities to use comparisons and hyperbole.

To consider a few generic examples…could a mountain climber represent the company’s expertise in moving onward, regardless of the unpredictable twists and turns of the economy? Could a lighthouse symbolize the firm’s guiding principles in protecting their clients’ retirement accounts? Could a padlock represent their commitment to financial safety?

What about the advertising for a home builder? Could a paint brush symbolize their meticulous attention to detail in the homes they build? Could a clock represent the fact that their houses sell quickly, because they are so popular?

2. Browse through images to find a new idea. Sometimes you’ll have a general concept in mind. You just need a visual image to crystallize the idea. Let’s say you‘re developing a campaign for an investment company that has a long history of helping people navigate the ups and downs of the economy. Their philosophy is, “There’s no need to worry. Your investments are safe with us.” You look through some stock images and find several distinct categories to consider – people, objects, activities and places. They all offer opportunities to use comparisons and hyperbole. To consider a few generic examples…could a mountain climber represent the company’s expertise in moving onward, regardless of the unpredictable twists and turns of the economy? Could a lighthouse symbolize the firm’s guiding principles in protecting their clients’ retirement accounts? Could a padlock represent their commitment to financial safety? What about the advertising for a home builder? Could a paint brush symbolize their meticulous
attention to detail in the homes they build? Could a clock represent the fact that their houses sell quickly, because they are so popular?

3. Don’t hesitate to modify an image. Like Daniel modified the stock photo of the shoe, you can customize an image to fit your specific situation. “The change made the selling point more noticeable,” he said. “I knew the shoe would appear in small ads, as well as large ads – and I didn’t want anyone to miss the point.”

Be sure to check the usage agreement. Even if your publishing company has purchased a collection of stock images, do some research before you present an idea to your client. You’ll want to make sure you have the proper permission to use the image how you want – and as many times as you want

Without a doubt, the “stock market” for photographs is a great place to find ideas.

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Radically Rural Summit to Focus on Building Rural Communities and Local Journalism

Radically rural logo
Radically rural logo

KEENE, NH — Radically Rural, the annual two-day summit focused on issues and opportunities in small cities and towns, opens Sept. 19 and is expected to attract 800 people from the Monadnock Region, the Northeast and throughout the country.

The Hannah Grimes Center for Entrepreneurship and The Keene Sentinel partner to present Radically Rural, which provides a uniquely rural point-of-view for community-building, news coverage, entrepreneurship and economic development. Radically Rural includes program tracks on entrepreneurship, arts and culture, community journalism, Main Streets and downtowns, working lands and renewable energy.

Terrence Williams, president and COO at The Keene Sentinel, said, “Last year’s event exceeded all expectations in attendance and the quality of programs. More is planned this year, and we are delighted with our slate of speakers and panelists.”

He outlined this year’s journalism program:

Session One: Collaboration – Competitive barriers drop; journalists work together on rural issues

September 19 | 10 am. to Noon

Moderator: Leah Todd, Regional Manager, New England, Solutions Journalism Network

If you live well outside the city of Bozeman, Montana, there’s a good chance you’re living in a town with a contracting economy, shrinking population and growing opioid and mental health issues. All under the radar. There’s no one to cover the issues. That changed due a group of journalists from western Montana, supported by High Country News and the Solutions Journalism Network. What was produced was an exhaustive, comprehensive look at what many small towns across the country face – and the coverage came with solutions.

Speakers:

Nick Ehli, managing editor, Bozeman Daily Chronicle, Bozeman, Montana
Stefanie Murray, director, Center for Cooperative Media, Montclair State University

Panel discussion:

Melanie Plenda, Project Manager, Granite State News Collaborative   
Dawn DeAngelis, Vice President, Chief Content Officer, NHPBS                         

Session Two: Solutions Journalism – Helping communities take the next steps

September 19 | 2-4 pm

Moderator: Leah Todd, Regional Manager, New England, Solutions Journalism Network

News consumers these days can come away from the experience feeling depressed, disengaged, powerless, hopeless. Solutions journalism envisions a more productive experience, one that builds engagement, trust and a renewed hope in democracy, by reporting rigorously on the responses to social problems — in addition to the problems themselves. Find out how this is being done in rural places, the training behind it and the encouraging results from this disruptive approach.

An interactive session featuring solutions journalists.

Speakers:

Leah Todd, Regional Manager, New England, Solutions Journalism Network
Amy Maestas, Digital Editor, Salt Lake Tribune

Session Three: Crazy Good – 50 ideas that will grow your audience

September 20 | 9-10:30 am

Moderator and session leader: Tim Schmitt, project manager, Gatehouse Media 

We’ve reached far and wide! Here are more than four dozen ways you can build better bridges to your readers – from thought-provoking story ideas, to collaborative ways to tackle big projects, to new newsroom structures. If you only have time to do a few of these, you will be happy you did. A sneak peek: How we built Radically Rural. Leave with a magazine that curates these ideas.

Bonus session Funding Journalism – Where to look for help

September 20 | 10:30-11 am

We present the details on the growing number of funding sources for journalism projects and initiatives.

For tickets, go to https://ticketelf.com/events/radically-rural-summit-2019 Early bird pricing is available through July 5. And for additional information on all tracks, go to www.radicallyrural.org

Mary Ann Kristiansen, executive director at Hannah Grimes said, Broad shifts in demographics, technology and values are creating opportunity for innovative thinkers, entrepreneurs and community-builders who love their rural communities and know their advantages.”

Kristiansen notes that recent studies indicate that people are increasingly interested in living in rural areas and that technology advances make living and working in rural areas easier than ever. “Radically Rural spotlights and shares new ideas.”

Williams and Kristiansen noted that Radically Rural includes the popular CONNECT event on Sept. 19, a major gathering that attracts local business leaders and event attendees. This year’s theme is “What’s Next!,” with a focus on the future in each track.

Hannah Grimes, for the second year, is featuring The PitchFork Challenge, a business pitch competition that will award the winning business a $10,000 cash prize.The summit also includes keynote presentations by Wendy Guillies, executive director and president of the Kauffmann Foundation, a major funder of entrepreneurship, and Art Markman, executive director of IC² at the University of Texas Austin, the oldest business incubator in the country.

“Rural communities have distinct challenges and opportunities that are not adequately addressed by conventional economic development conferences,” said Williams. “Radically Rural prioritizes innovative approaches specifically designed for rural places.”

The summit transforms Keene’s downtown into a conference center, utilizing small venues. Attendees will pass coffee houses, restaurants, shops, and meeting places to find event locales at The Colonial Theatre, old County Courthouse, the Historical Society of Cheshire County, Keene State College, Keene Public Library and the Hannah Grimes Center for Entrepreneurship.

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Social Media’s Bottom Line

Kevin Slimp
Kevin Slimp technology

Kevin Slimp is director of the Institute of Newspaper Technology. Email questions to him at kevin@kevinslimp.com.

When my publisher friend Joel Washburn asked me to visit his newspaper in McKenzie, Tennessee in June for a couple of days to work with his staff, he had the usual lists of items to cover while I was there:

-InDesign training … check

-Photo editing training … check

-PDF issues training … check

-Increasing sales training … check

-InCopy workflow training … check

It was the sixth item on the list (don’t worry, it’s coming) that made me pause:

How other newspapers are benefiting from use of social media … hmm

One of the inside jokes among my friends who speak at newspaper conventions over the past ten years or so has been the number of workshops at conventions related to social media. For a while, five or six years ago, it seemed like every other breakout session had to do with social media.

While preparing to meet with Joel’s staff, I went to my recent survey of North American publishers completed back in April. It was the fifth annual survey and, fortunately, we had questions about digital and social media on the survey each year.

When I looked at the 2019 survey results, I learned that 28 percent of respondents indicated social media is greatly beneficial to their newspaper’s success.

As I looked closer at the respondents, it seemed the dailies were four times as likely to respond this way than weeklies. I suppose that makes sense since dailies are more likely to depend on online/digital sales for revenue. Another 57 percent of respondents indicated they felt like their newspapers benefit in some way through use of social media

Wanting to give Joel some helpful information, I went – where else – to social media to get some assistance. On Facebook, I asked friends who worked at newspapers to share how they successfully use social media at their papers. Within a few hours, I had more than 40 responses. Here are a few of them:

Jessica, from Florida, wrote:
“We post questions on hot topics in our area and then use the comments on our opinion page (in the printed newspaper) in our ‘social media’ section.”

Cindy in Texas wrote:
“We get a lot of leads for stories on our newspaper Facebook page, both for news and features.”

Darryl, from Manitoba, responded:
“On the morning our paper comes out, we post a collage of photos and a teaser such as, ‘For the stories behind these photos, pick up a copy of today’s paper.’”

Kari, from Texas, wrote:
“Going live at high school sporting events draws in a lot of people to see our brand, but we haven’t monetized it.”

Bruce in Kansas wrote:
“I’ve learned to monetize a boost. ‘I’m glad you enjoyed the story we did on your new business. For $20 (or whatever) we can boost that for you. Look at our number of followers.’ It’s not a big money maker but it makes the new potential customer happy.”

Travis, from Kentucky, answered:
“We ask people to submit photos of themselves reading your paper in amusing ways, and then pick the best submission to receive a prize.

As I looked though the early responses (early enough to meet my column deadline), I didn’t see anyone writing about making money through social media posts, but I did notice a lot of respondents were using social media to prompt readers to pick up or subscribe to their newspapers which, obviously, could benefit the bottom line

I had an interesting experience with social media just last week. I hosted a webinar titled, “Kevin’s 100-Minute Extravaganza.” I expected a low turnout because people generally don’t attend webinars in the summer, due to vacations, back-to-school deadlines, holidays and whatever

Most registrations come in response to email blasts and promotion by various press associations.

However, I noticed a serious bump from a couple of Facebook posts I created a week before the webinar. Later, I noticed several folks had shared the posts on their Facebook pages. Then a couple of associations asked if they could sponsor webinar registrations for their members

In the end, close to 100 newspapers eventually registered for the webinar, most within four days prior to it taking place. And when I looked at the registrations afterwards, it was apparent about half of those were a result of those couple of Facebook posts from the week before.

What lessons am I learning about social media? It’s pretty apparent it’s not the end-all, and probably isn’t going to make a major dent in most newspapers’ bottom line anytime soon. However, used effectively, it can be a tool to drive readers to your print and online editions of your newspaper, promote subscriptions, and even be used as a service to advertisers.

If your newspaper is investing in social media, I would suggest you regularly examine what’s being done and gauge its effectiveness in driving new subscribers and increasing ad revenue.

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